Exolith Simulant: MGS-1S Sulfate ISRU
Mineralogy
| Mineral | Wt.% |
|---|---|
| Gypsum | 40.0 |
| Plagioclase | 16.4 |
| Glass-rich basalt | 13.7 |
| Pyroxene | 12.2 |
| Olivine | 8.2 |
| Mg-sulfate | 2.4 |
| Ferrihydrite | 2.1 |
| Hydrated silica | 1.8 |
| Magnetite | 1.1 |
| Anhydrite | 1.0 |
| Fe-carbonate | 0.8 |
| Hematite | 0.3 |
Bulk Chemistry
Because MGS-1S is a mineralogical standard, the bulk chemistry of simulants created from the standard will differ depending on the crystal chemistry of the source minerals used. Below, we report the latest analysis for the production version of MGS-1S.
| Oxide | Wt.% |
|---|---|
| SiO2 | 29.29 |
| TiO2 | 0.27 |
| Al2O3 | 6.37 |
| Cr2O3 | 0.13 |
| FeOT | 11.25 |
| MnO | 0.07 |
| MgO | 16.22 |
| CaO | 14.81 |
| Na2O | 2.11 |
| K2O | 0.45 |
| P2O5 | 0.32 |
| SO3 | 18.71 |
| Total | 100.0 |
Physical Properties
Particle size range: 0-1 mm
Mean particle size (by volume): 119 μm
Current Status: Available
Developed By: University of Central Florida
Available From: ExolithSimulants.com
Spec Sheet: MGS-1S Spec Sheet
Publications: Cannon, K. M., D. T. Britt, T. M. Smith, R. F. Fritsche, and D. Batcheldor (2019), Mars Global Simulant MGS-1: A Rocknest-based Open Standard for Basaltic Martian Regolith Simulants. Icarus, 317, 470-478.
MGS-1S is a modified version of the root MGS-1 simulant, and is enriched in the polyhydrated sulfate gypsum. This represents the Reference Case “B” in the NASA Mars Water In-Situ Resource Utilization Study.
MGS-1S is specifically designed for ISRU water extraction studies; the M-WIP study concluded that polyhydrated sulfate deposits represent a clear advantage over bulk regolith or clay-bearing deposits in terms of mass and power, and may be much easier to access and excavate than permafrost deposits.
Images
Photograph of an MGS-1S prototype:
